Heating and cooling apparatus



April 19, 1938.

I INVENTOR Q0 FoLKE RANDEL ATTORNEY B. F. RANDEL 1 2,114,316

HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS Fild July 28, 1936 Patented Apr. 19, 1938UNITED STATES PATENT o1=1=1c|-;

n'aarnvc AND COOLING APPARATUS Bo Folke Randel, San Diego, Calif.

Application July 28, 1936, Serial No. 93,017

4Claiins.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as

amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) This invention relates to heatingand cooling and the object is to devise a method of and an arrangementof apparatus which may be utilized for heating and cooling by themanipulation of 5 valves, either manually or automatically.

The several difl'erent parts are standard devices known and used-in thearts, and my in-' vention is ,a combined arrangement of such known partsina' novel manner to carry out a 1o desired object. Such well knownparts are a conventional heating boiler, radiators,- steam eiector,condenser andyacuum producer, miscellaneous floats and thermostaticvalves, etc. Any

1 ing and cooling system constructed and operating in accordance withthe invention. .To use the combined device for either heating or coolingwill require the manipulation of one part only, the mixing valve 3. Thismixing valve 3, which I will describe first; is. illustrated as athree-way cock so arranged that the-discharge end 3a is open at allpositions while the inlet end is open to 3?; or 3c.or partly to both.Or, in other words, by turning cock 3, 3b mayopen to 3a. or 30 30 may beopen to 30, and the cock may be manipulated so as to arrange certainproportions of 3b and 30 to open to la. It, therefore, hot water passesthrough 3b and cold water through 3c, we may have all hot or all coldthrough 3a, 5 or a mixture of both to give any desired temperaturethrough 3a. The valve may be manually or automatically operated. It maybe operated by outside temperature so as to furnish a desiredtemperature on the water passing to a 40 radiator to either heat or coolas required.

Other arrangement of mixing valves may be made, as for instance twoordinary valves controlled manually or automatically, either singly orin conjunction, so that one will close while 45 the other opens. Anysuch arrangement is included in my invention.

The mixing device has been described first for the reason that bymanipulation of this device the entire system will operate either as aheating 50 device or as a cooling device. In the position of this mixingvalve shown on drawing, the device will operate as a heating system, andI will describe the system first as such..

Boiler I generates hot water and steam which 55 former passes throughpipe 2, opening 313 in mixing valve 3 and 3a in same valve, through pipe4 into radiator or heating element 5. This radiator may be an individualradiator or several radiators r so-called unit heaters or any devicewhich transfers heat to a space, substance or an object.

The power which forces this hot water from the boiler to the radiatororiginates in pump I0 driven by motor II. It is seen that pump ID willpull water from condenser-storage tank 28 through pipe 9 and deliver tohigh pressure cham- 10 ber I2. From this high pressure chamber, thewater will flow in two directions, through nozzles 32 and 33 and pipe 34backto condenser 28, and

- also through pipe I3, valve I4. to boiler I and thence as beforedescribed to radiator 5.

The pulling of water from condenser 28, some of .which will dischargeinto theboiler will lower float 8 in this condenser and open valve Ipermitting aflow from radiator through pipe 6.

.And the lowering of the water level in boiler I 4 should rise over adesired point. In starting the arrangement, boiler I would be filled sohigh that valve I [would be open.

- It is seen that pump 25 delivering water from i storage vessel 2 I,through pipes 24 and-26 will not be active, merely turning around in itscasing.

Valve 22, made to be closed by an upward motion 30 of float 23;is closedwhen water coming from radiator 5 through'pipe 21 has accumulated instorage vessel 2|.

As stated before, boiler I generates steam which will-rise in pipe I6,bypass valve l I (openin up-diaphragm position) which ispperated bydiaphragm l8 actuated by pressure or vacuum in flash chamber IS. Thesteam continues through steam ejectors 3B and 31, causing a high vacuumin flash chamber I9. As no wate enters into this flash chamber duringheating operation, valve 22 being closed, a high vacuum will be producedand valve I1 is adjusted to close at a definite high vacuum, thusthrottling or completely stopping inflow of steam through I6.

Nozzles 32 and 33 in vacuum producing chamber 35 will allow for aninitial low pressure, these When the mixing valve 2 is reversed so as tohave a passage from 30 to la. instead or from 311 to Sc, pump 25 comesinto action, pulling water from storage vessel 2| through pipes 24, 28

- closed at valve 3, no hot water will be pulled out of boiler, whichwill cause an accumulation of water in condenser 28, where valve I isclosed by float 8.

The combined action will cause an increase of vapor pressure in I 9 andthen an opening of steam valve l1. The action in steam ejector I! willlower the pressure in i9 and cause evaporation of the water withabsorption of heat. The water will be lowered in temperature and the,water circulated by pump 25 will be cold water instead of hot water,which thus will cause cooling by radiator 5.

The steam passing through ejector 21, with the water vapors from 19,will be condensed by jet in chamber 35. When the temperature of thewater in condenser 28 rises above a predetermined point, valve 3|controlled by thermostat 30, permits water from an outside source topass through coil 29 in condenser 28 to absorb the heat in this steamand vapor. a I

It is thus seen that in this condition, the system acts as a coolingsystem but between these two extreme conditions, any desired conditionmay be obtained by the manipulation of mixing valve 3. If this valve isactuated by the outside temperature, it will be possible to obtain justthe proper temperature on the water in radiator 5 as will maintain aneven room temperature. Both hot and cold water will flow in theirrespective. pipes 2 and 26=to be mixed in correct proportions in valve3.

I have mentioned water as medium as a means of illustration. However,any other medium may be used, as hydrocarbon liquids or other liquidsand I include the use of every and all, either pure or solutions ormixtures in my invention.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or forthe Government of the United States of America for governmental purposeswithout the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

I claim:

1. A system of heating and cooling consisting of three interconnectedcircuits as follows: a first circuit for purposes of heatingincluding aboiler with liquid heating medium, liquid mixing means and communicationmeans between said boiler and said mixing means, a radiator andcommunication means between said mixing means and said radiator,circulating pump means dium, circulating pump means and communicationmeans between said vacuum chamber and said pump means, said secondcircuit also including the said mixing means and communication meansbetween said pump means and said mixing means, the said radiator andsaid communication means between said mixing means and said radiator andcommunication means between said radiator and said high vacuum chamber;and a third circuit for purposes of creating a vacuum, including thesaid boiler in which the liquid heating means is partially vaporized, avapor ejector in connection with the said high vacuum chamber and vaporcommunication means between said boiler and said vapor ejector, thevapor passing through said ejector creating the high vacuum in said highvacuum chamber, a low vacuum liquid condenser and communication meansbetween said vapor ejector and said condenser, cooling means inconnection with said condenser and communication means between saidcondenser and the said boiler to return condensate back to same, thesaid mixing means being operable to selectively control both of saidfirst. and second circuits to obtain the desired degree of heating andcooling.

2. In a system for heating and cooling the combination of a temperaturecontrolling element, a boiler for supplying said temperature controllingelement with a heating fluid, an evaporator for supplying saidtemperature controlling eiement with a cooling fluid; an injectorcommunicating-with said boiler for reducing the pressure in saidevaporator; a valve controlled by the pressure in said'evaporator forcontrolling communication between said boiler and said injector; and avalve mechanism for establishing communication between said temperaturecon-- trolling element and said boiler, and for interruptingcommunication between said temperature controlling element and saidevaporator when the system is employed for heating purposes, and forestablishing communication between said temperature controlling elementand said evaporator and for interrupting communication between saidtemperature controlling element and boiler, when the system is employedfor cooling purposes.

3. In a system for heating and cooling the combination of a temperaturecontrolling element, a boiler for supplying said temperature controllingelement with a heating fluid, and an eva rator for supplying saidtemperature controlling element with a cooling fluid; a valveautomatically controlled by the liquid level in said evaporator forcontrolling communication between said temperature controlling elementand said evaporator; and a single two way valve for establishingcommunication between said temperature controlling element and saidboiler, and for interrupting communication between said temperaturecontrolling element and said evaporator when the system is employed forheating purposes, and for establishing communication between saidtemperature controlling element and said evaporator and for interruptingcommunication between said temperature controlling element and boiler,when the system is employed for cooling purposes.- Y

4. In a system for heating and cooling the combination of a temperaturecontrolling element, a boiler for supplying said temperature controllingelement with a heating fluid, and an evaporator for supplying saidtemperature controlling element with a cooling fluid; a valve mechanismfor establishing communication between said temperature controllingelement and said boiler, and for interrupting communication between saidtemperature controlling element and said evaporator when the system isemployed for heating purposes, and for establishing communicationbetween said temperature controlling element and said evaporator and forinterrupting communication between said tempera.- ture controllingelement and boiler, when the system is employed for cooling purposes; aninjector communicably connected with said boiler for reducing thepressure within said evaporator to accelerate the rate of temperaturereduction of said cooling fluid; a condenser for condensing the steamfrom said injector; and a second injector for increasing the pressurewithin said condenser.

